Mateřství a otcovství v současnosti s přihlédnutím k historickému kontextu

The institution of parenthood has undergone dramatic changes in the past decades. The policies of many European countries attempted to aid mothers in combining their parental and professional roles and to strenghten the position of fathers through their active involvement in the upbringing and care of their children. In the past decades, there has also been a shift from parenthood as a natural state of things to parenthood as a chosen state. Linked to this is e decrease in the esteem held for parenthood as an implicit part of a fulfilled life in both women and men. This process began even earlier, and was more marked in the countries of Northern and Western Europe in comparison with the Czech Republic and countries of Central and Eastern Europe.